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A Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) is an analysis of how Personally Identifiable Information (PII) is collected, used, shared, and maintained by federal agencies and components. Section 208 of the E-Government Act of 2002 establishes Government wide requirements for conducting, reviewing, and publishing a PIA. DoD guidance directs all DoD components to conduct reviews of how privacy issues are considered when purchasing or creating new Information Technology (IT) systems or when initiating new electronic collections of information in personally identifiable form. A PIA shows privacy factors for all new or significantly altered Information Technology (IT systems or projects that collect, maintain, or disseminate personal information from or about members of the public, Federal personnel contractors, or Foreign Nationals employed at U.S. military facilities internationally). PIAs allow government agencies to communicate clearly with the public about how information is handled, particularly about privacy concerns and safeguarding information. PIAs are to ensure that:
In addition, PIAs confirm that the use of the information is for the purpose intended; that the information remains timely and accurate; and, that it is protected while held and that it is only held for as long as needed.